Leeds Student Formulary
Most of the drugs listed in the following tables appear in the 100 most commonly prescribed drugs in primary and/or secondary care*. An example of a specific class is included for information but remember there will be variations across Hospital Trusts and Primary Care organisations.
Table: Emergency drugs (Category E)
| Cardiac arrest | Adrenaline (IV) Amiodarone (IV) |
|---|---|
| Acute pulmonary oedema | Morphine/diamorphine ▼ (IV) Furosemide (IV) Nitrates (IV) Oxygen▼ |
| Acute severe asthma | Beta-2 adrenoceptor agonists (e.g. nebulised salbutamol) Ipratropium Oxygen▼ Hydrocortisone (IV) Magnesium sulphate (IV) |
| Anaphylactic shock | Adrenaline (IM) Hydrocortisone (IV) Chlorphenamine (IV) Intravenous fluids (IV) |
| Benzodiazepine intoxication | Flumazenil (IV) |
| Hypoglycaemia | Glucose (IV) Glucagon (SC or IM) |
| Hypovolaemic shock | Intravenous fluids (IV) |
| Opioid intoxication | Naloxone (IV or IM) |
| Seizures | Diazepam/lorazepam/Phenytoin |
| Hyperkalaemia | Calcium gluconate or calcium chloride (IV), Insulin-glucose solution (IV) calcium resonium (oral or PR), Salbutamol (nebs) |
*Baker et al. Development of a core drug list towards improving prescribing education and reducing errors in the UK. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 71:2. 190-198. 2011.
Table: Basic and specialist drugs
| Specialty | Basic drugs (Category B) | Examples of specialist drugs (Category S) |
|---|---|---|
| Anaesthesia | Local anaesthetics (lidocaine, bupivacaine) Intravenous fluids, Electrolytes (potassium▼, sodium) |
General anaesthetics |
| Cardiovascular | Diuretics: - Loop diuretics e.g. furosemide - Thiazide diuretics e.g. indapamide - K-sparing diuretics e.g. spironolactone ACE inhibitors e.g. ramipril Beta-blockers e.g. atenolol, bisoprolol Nitrates e.g. isosorbide mononitrate Calcium channel blockers e.g. amlodipine Angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs) e.g. losartan |
Alpha blockers e.g. doxazocin Potassium channel activator e.g. nicorandil Ivabradine Ranolazine |
|
Aspirin Clopidogrel Anticoagulants (heparin, low-molecular weight heparin▼, warfarin▼) NOACs▼ e.g. rivaroxaban, dabigatran |
Thrombolytic agents Other antiplatelet agents Other fibrinolytic agents Other anticoagulants |
|
| Statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) e.g. atorvastatin | Other lipid-lowering agents | |
| Digoxin Amiodarone |
Adenosine, Dobutamine Other anti-dysrhythmic drugs |
|
| Dermatology | Basic principles of using drugs on the skin Emollients Oral antihistamines (H1 receptor antagonists) e.g. chlorphenamine, cetirizine Topical glucocorticoids e.g. hydrocortisone, betamethasone |
Topical imidazoles Topical antimicrobial drugs Permethrin cream in scabies Benzoyl peroxide Topical and oral retinoids Topical vitamin D analogues Coal tar |
| Endocrine/ Metabolic | Insulins▼ Sulphonylureas eg. Gliclazide Biguianides eg. Metformin Glitazones e.g. pioglitazone Glucagon (see also emergency drugs) |
Meglitinides (repaglinide and related drugs) Acarbose Incretin mimetics e.g. exenatide Fludrocortisone |
| Levothyroxine Carbimazole |
Propylthiouracil Liothyronine (tri-iodothyronine) & Iodine |
|
| Glucocorticoids e.g. prednisolone | Vasopressin and analogues Spironolactone Octreotide and analogues Fludrocortisone |
|
| ENT | Basic principles of administering drugs to the ears and nose (topical antibiotics, steroids) | |
| Gastrointestinal | Stimulant Laxatives e.g. senna, Osmotic laxatives e.g. lactulose, macrogols. Antidiarrhoeal drugs e.g. loperamide |
Aminosalicylates e.g. Mesalazine, sulphasalazine |
| Antacids/ alginates e.g. gaviscon Histamine H2 receptor antagonists e.g. ranitidine Proton pump inhibitors e.g. lansoprazole Antispasmodics e.g. mebeverine, hyoscine butylbromide |
DMARDs▼ e.g. azathioprine, ciclosporin, mycophenolate |
|
| Haematology | Iron e.g. ferrous sulphate Vitamin B12 (hydroxocobalamin) Folic acid, Vitamin K Blood ▼ |
Chemotherapeutic agents Folinic acid |
| Infectious diseases | Anti-bacterials
Beta-lactams Penicillins▼: benzylpenicillin and phenoxymethylpenicillin Broad spectrum penicillins▼: amoxicillin & pivmecillinam Penicillinase-resistant penicillin▼: flucloxacillin Beta lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations▼: amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and piperacillin- tazobactam Cephalosporins: cephalexin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and ceftaroline Non-beta-lactams Aminoglycosides: gentamicin and amikacin Macrolides: erythromycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin Clindamycin Glycopeptides: Vancomycin and Teicoplanin Metronidazole Nitrofurantoin Quinolones: ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin Tetracyclines: doxycycline, Tigecycline Trimethoprim Anti-fungals Azoles: clotrimazole and fluconazole, Nystatin Anti-viral agents: aciclovir and valciclovir |
Anti-bacterials Beta-lactams Carbapenems: ertapenem, imipenem, meropenem Monobactam: aztreonam Non-beta-lactams Fidaxomycin Fosfomycin Co-trimoxazole Chloramphenicol Fusidic acid Linezolid Mupirocin Antifungals Amphotericin, Echinocandins: anidulafungin Anti-helminthic drugs Anti-leprosy drugs Anti-protozoal drugs including antimalarial drugs Anti-tuberculosis drugs Anti-virals: HIV drugs |
| Musculoskeletal/Rheumatology | NSAIDs ▼ e.g. ibuprofen, naproxen Glucocorticoids e.g. prednisolonee Methotrexate▼ |
DMARDs▼ |
| Allopurinol | Colchicine Uricosuric agents |
|
| Calcium salts Bisphosphonates e.g. alendronate Vitamin D analogues |
||
| Neurology | Carbamazepine Phenytoin ▼ Valproate |
Other antiepileptic drugs e.g. lamotrigine, levetiracetam |
| Levodopa and dopa-decarboxylase inhibitors (co-careldopa, co-beneldopa) Anticholinergic drugs (e.g. procyclidine, trihexyphenidyl) |
Other drugs used in Parkinson’s disease (e.g. dopamine receptor agonists, COMT inhibitors, selegiline) | |
| Triptans e.g. sumatriptan | ||
| Obstetrics & Gynaecology | Oral contraceptives▼ Long acting progestogens Intra-uterine device |
Danazol |
| Hormone replacement therapies▼ | ||
| Antibiotics for PPROM, UTI, post LSCS, third/fourth degree tears LMWH for prophylaxis and treatment of VTE Oral iron supplementation Low dose aspirin for PET prevention and to improve placental circulation Labetalol, methyldopa and nifedipine for hypertension in pregnancy Syntometrine® (ergometrine/oxytocin) Constipation medication in pregnancy |
Gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonists Prostaglandins for IOL Mifepristone/Misoprostol for management of miscarriage/foetal loss Atosiban IV Labetalol, Hydralazine and magnesium sulphate for severe PET Ergomterine and Hemabate (Carboprost) for PPH IV iron preparations in pregnancy Methotrexate for the medical management of ectopic pregnancy. |
|
| Mefenamic acid and tranexamic acid for HMB Stress incontinence medication |
Anti-retrovirals ▼ | |
| Topical genital wart home treatments/td> | ||
| Oncology | Basic principles of cancer chemotherapy▼ | All specific drugs Cytotoxic agents- e.g. Doxorubicin Hormonal cancer treatment- e.g. Anastrazole Cell signalling inhibitor- e.g. Trastuzamab |
| Ophthalmology | Basic principles of using eye drops Drugs used in glaucoma Ocular lubricants e.g. hypromellose Ocular topical antibiotics e.g. chloramphenicol, fuscidic acid |
Antimicrobial drugs |
| Paediatrics | Basic principles of using drugs in children (BNF-C), including simple analgesia, oxygen Bronchodilators and inhaled steroids for asthma (including appropriate delivery) Antimicrobial drugs for suspected meningitis / sepsis ▼, and for pneumonia, urinary tract infection and (when appropriate) ENT infections. Laxatives appropriate for children Emollients and topical steroids for eczema Oral rehydration fluids Maintenance, rehydration and bolus intravenous fluids Immunisations |
Oral/nebulised steroids for croup Cystic fibrosis treatment Insulin & hypoglycaemia treatment Antiepileptics Desmopressin UTI prophylaxis Corticosteroids for nephritic syndrome Ergocalciferol/ cholicalciferol for rickets |
| Pain relief and palliative care | Opioid analgesics▼ (e.g. co-codamol, morphine) Paracetamol NSAIDs ▼e.g. Ibuprofen Neuropathic agents e.g. amitriptyline |
Other opioid analgesics e.g. oxycodone, fentanyl |
| Antiemetics: Dopamine receptor blockers e.g. Metoclopramide Phenothiazine antiemetics e.g. prochlorperazine Antihistamines eg. Cyclizine |
Domperidone Haloperidol 5HT3 receptor antagonists e.g.ondansetron Levomepromazine |
|
| End of Life Anticipatory Medications Anxiolytic e.g. midazolam Antisecretory e.g. hyoscine Anti-emetic Opioid |
||
| Psychiatric | Benzodiazepines▼e.g. diazepam, temazepam Z drugs e.g. Zopiclone Zolpidem |
|
| Tricyclic antidepressants▼ e.g. amitriptyline SSRIs e.g. sertraline, citalopram NaSSA e.g. Mirtazapine |
MAOIs SNRIs e.g. Venlafaxine, duloxetine |
|
| Mood stabilizers- Lithium▼ | Sodium/semisodium valproate Lamotrigine |
|
| Anti-dementia drugs: Acetyl Cholinesterase inhibitors e.g. donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine |
Memantine | |
| Antipsychotic drugs Typical/1st generation e.g. chlorpromazine, haloperidol Atypical/2nd generation e.g. olanzapine, quetiapine, |
Other 2nd generation: e.g. risperidone, aripiprazole 3rd generation -Clozapine Depot antipsychotic medication |
|
| Substance misuse and dependence | Nicotine replacement therapy Thiamine |
Methadone▼ Buprenorphine▼ Naltrexone Acamprosate Pabrinex (intravenous B Vitamins) |
| Respiratory | Beta-2 adrenoceptor agonists e.g. salbutamol, salmeterol Compound bronchodilators/steroids e.g. seretide® Anticholinergic drugs e.g. ipratropium, tiotropium Xanthines e.g. theophylline Corticosteroids▼e.g. beclometasone Oxygen Mucolytics e.g. Carbocisteine |
Leukotriene receptor antagonists e.g. montelukast Cromones (cromoglicate) |
| Urinary tract | Alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists e.g. tamsulosin Phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors e.g. sildenafil Antimuscarinic drugs e.g. oxybutynin, tolterodine |
GnRH analogues Finasteride Flutamide, bicalutamide |
| Self-poisoning | General management Activated charcoal (single and repeated doses) N-acetylcysteine |
Specific antidotes |
Table: Third Year Formulary (All these drugs to be covered by all students during year 3)
Third Year Formulary (all these drugs are taken from the main Leeds Student Formulary)
| System | Type of Drug | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Gastrointestinal | Antacids H2 antagonists Proton pump inhibitors Anti-diarrhoeals Laxatives Aminosalicylates Anti-emetics |
Gaviscon® Ranitidine Omeprazole Loperamide Senna Mesalazine Metoclopramide |
| Cardiovascular | Loop Diuretics Thiazide diuretics Potassium sparing diuretics Beta blockers Calcium antagonists ACE inhibitors AT1 blockers Nitrates Cardiac Glycosides Anti-dysrhythmics Anti-platelet agents Thrombolytics Heparins Oral anticoagulants Novel anticoagulants Statins |
Furosemide Bendroflumethiazide Spironolactone Atenolol Amlodipine Ramipril Losartan Isosorbide mononitrate Digoxin Amiodarone Aspirin, Clopidogrel Tissue plasminogen activator Enoxaparin Warfarin▼ Rivaroxaban▼ Simvastatin |
| Respiratory | Beta 2 agonists Anticholinergics Corticosteroids▼ Mucolytics Xanthines Oxygen |
Salbutamol Tiotropium Prednisolone Carbocisteine Theophylline |
| Mental Health | Tricyclics Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors Benzodiazepines▼ Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
Amitriptyline Citalopram Diazepam Donepezil |
| Neurological | L Dopa/peripheral decarboxylase inhibitors Anti-convulsants |
Madopar®/ Sinemet® Phenytoin▼ Carbamazepine Sodium valproate Lamotrigine Levotiracetam |
| Endocrinology | Insulin▼ Sulphonylureas Biguanides Thyroxine Anti-thyroid drugs Bisphosphonates Calcium & Vit D Mineralocorticoids |
Gliclazide Metformin Carbimazole Alendronate Fludrocortisone |
| Antibiotics | Penicillins▼ Cephalosporins Trimethoprim Nitrofurantoin Tetracyclines Aminoglycosides Macrolides Quinolones Anaerobic antimicrobials Glycopeptides |
Amoxicillin Cefalexin Doxycycline Gentamicin Erythromycin Ciprofloxacin Metronidazole Vancomycin |
| Pain/MSK | NSAIDs▼ Opiates▼ Non-opioids Xanthine oxidase inhibitors |
Naproxen Codeine Morphine Paracetamol Allopurinol |
| Urology | Alpha blockers 5 Alpha reductase inhibitors |
Doxazocin Finasteride |
Drug Profile sheets can be found on the Progress File.
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